var groupArray = [
    ['10', 'group one result'],
    ['10 20 30', 'group two result'],
    ['10 20 40', 'group three result']
];

function compare(entryArr, stringArr) {
  let pos = 0;
  let matches = 0;
    for (var i in entryArr) {
      str = stringArr.split(' ');
      ent = entryArr[i][0].split(' ');
      let f = str.filter(s => ent.includes(s));
      if (f)
        if (f.length > matches) {
          pos = i;
          matches = f.length;
        }
    }
    if (matches > 0) {
      return entryArr[pos].slice(1);
    } else {
      return [];
    }
}
//find match from possible strings
console.log(compare(groupArray, '10')) // returns first entry that matches one value - group one result
console.log(compare(groupArray, '10 20')) // returns first entry that matches both values - group two result
console.log(compare(groupArray, '10 20 60')) // returns first entry with 2 matches - group two result
console.log(compare(groupArray, '50 60 80')) // no matches, returns empty array

var groupArray = [
    ['10', 'group one result', 'more one result'],
    ['10 20 40', 'group three result'],
    ['10 20 30', 'group two result'],
    ['10 20 30 40', 'group four result'],
    ['20 60', 'group five result']
];

function compare(entryArr, stringArr) {
  // Array to hold ALL matches found
  let matched = [];
  // Loop through the entryArry array
  for (let i = 0; i < entryArr.length; i++) {
    // split search string into separate values
    str = stringArr.split(' ');
    // split the main array into separate values
    ent = entryArr[i][0].split(' ');
    // find any main array items that contain the search string values
    let f = str.filter(s => ent.includes(s));
    // If found...
    if (f.length > 0) {
      //... push into the matched array
      matched.push([f.length, ...entryArr[i]]);
    }
  }
  // If we have more than one match found, sort the matched array
  // First by match count descending, then by the main array values, ascending
  if (matched.length > 1) {
    matched.sort(function(a, b){
      if (a[0] == b[0]) {
        return a[1] > b[1];
      } else {
        return a[0] < b[0];
      }
    })
    // Now remove the unnecessary parts of each match
    // We only want the group name, not the match count or the group's numbers string
    for (let i = 0; i < matched.length; i++) {
      matched[i] = matched[i].slice(2);
    }
  }
  // return the result
  return matched;
}

//find match from possible strings
console.log(compare(groupArray, '10'));
console.log(compare(groupArray, '10 20'));
console.log(compare(groupArray, '10 20 60'));
console.log(compare(groupArray, '20 30 40'));