is it possible to use networkx dijkstra to avoid certain edges?

I am not aware of any inbuilt function that can do this. However, you can try the following steps to get the desired result:

• Add a node attribute based on which you will filter the nodes while creating the Graph.

• Filter the nodes and create a subgraph.

• Call the Dijkstra function on the new subgraph

  import networkx 
  
  G = networkx.Graph()
  
  #Add an attribute color
  for i in range(5):
  
      if i==3:
          G.add_node(i, color='red')
      else:
          G.add_node(i, color='blue')
  
  # Add edges
  G.add_edge(0,1)
  G.add_edge(0,3)
  G.add_edge(1,2)
  G.add_edge(2,4)
  G.add_edge(3,4)
  
  # Functin to get filtered subgraph
  def get_filtered_graph(G, ignore_attribute, ignore_val):
      # Filter the nodes based on the node attribute and value
      # In this case it is red color
      filtered_nodes = [x for x,y in G.nodes(data=True)
                     if y[ignore_attribute]!=ignore_val]
  
      # Create the subgraph
      H = G.subgraph(filtered_nodes)
      return H
  
  ignore_attribute ='color'
  ignore_val = 'red'
  path = networkx.dijkstra_path(get_filtered_graph(G, filter_attribute, filter_val), 0, 4)
  
  print(path)
  # [0, 1, 2, 4]
  

References:

• Select Nodes and edges with attributes
• Select nodes with attributes
• NetworkX – Add Node